一分购彩大厅|科学家呼吁以符合伦理方式使用机器人

The rapid movement of robots “out of factories to automate all aspects of our lives” has prompted an international group of scientists, engineers and ethicists to set up a body to examine their impact.在工厂以外于是以给我们生活各个领域带给自动化的机器人的较慢发展，促成一个由科学家、工程师和伦理学家构成的全球团体创建一个机构来实地考察机器人的影响。The Foundation for Responsible Robotics, launched in London, will encourage governments and industry to consider the impact of the technology on society, ranging from the potential for mass unemployment to human rights violations. Researchers and policymakers have so far ignored the field, say the founders.这家机构取名为“负责任机器人学基金会”（The Foundation for Responsible Robotics），在伦敦创立，将希望政府和行业考虑到科技对社会的影响，还包括从大规模失业的可能性到违背人权。这些创始人回应，研究人员和政策制定者目前为止仍然忽略该领域。“We are rushing headlong into the robotics revolution without consideration for the many unforeseen problems lying around the corner,” said Noel Sharkey, robotics professor at Sheffield University and chairman of the foundation. “It is time now to step back and think hard about the future of the technology before it sneaks up and bites us.”“我们于是以草率地转入机器人革命，没考虑到未来很多不能意识到的问题，”谢菲尔德大学(Sheffield University)机器人科学教授、该基金会董事长诺埃尔夏基(Noel Sharkey)回应，“现在我们该回来头去，在这种技术走进并影响我们之前认真思考它的未来了。

”Although industrial robots working in factories have historically dominated robotics, the balance is changing fast as service sectors automate. The world already has 12m service robots, compared with 1.5m industrial robots, Prof Sharkey said. The International Federation for Robotics predicts that the number of service robots will rise to 31m by 2018.尽管在工厂工作的工业机器人仍然在机器人领域占有主导地位，但随着服务行业的自动化，这种均衡于是以很快发生变化。夏基教授回应，全球已享有1200万台服务业机器人，而工业机器人为150万台。

国际机器人联合会(International Federation for Robotics)预测，到2018年，服务业机器人数量将减至3100万台。Robots are beginning to entertain and care for children and old people, they are preparing food and cooking in restaurants, cleaning homes, milking cows and killing in armed conflict — defence is the biggest non-industrial user of robots.机器人于是以开始为儿童和老人获取娱乐和照管服务，它们还在餐厅打算食品和烹调、保洁、挤奶以及在武装冲突中杀人，国防领域所谓工业行业用于机器人最少的行业。

The nature of the human brain means that we cannot help treating robots as other people — or at least as living animals — to which we quickly grow attached, said Prof Seibt. That “anthropomorphism” makes people protect their favourite robots if they are threatened, even at the expense of other human beings. “Soldiers are prepared to risk their lives to protect a robot,” she said.丹麦奥胡斯大学(Aarhus University)的教授乔安娜嬠布特(Johanna Seibt)回应，人脑的特点意味著，我们被迫将机器人视作其他人（最少是死掉的动物），我们与它们的亲密关系很快促进。“拟人化”让人们不会在机器人受到威胁时维护他们最喜欢的机器人，甚至不惜牺牲其他人的生命。

她回应：“士兵们可能会打算用他们的生命来维护一个机器人。”There are similar concerns are the impact of robotic companions at the other end of life — how will they affect the ability of young children to interact and make friends with real people?类似于的忧虑还有机器人同伴对于生活的影响，它们否不会影响儿童与真人对话和交朋友的能力。

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